9 de noviembre de 2017
* GRAMMAR Pag. 27
- PRESENT PERFECT 2
Present Perfect Continous: forma
Para el present perfect continous con el present pefect del verbo BE + verbo + ING
Ej.: I 've been waiting here all morning
│ │ │
Pres Perf AUX Verb. ING
What have you been doing lately
│ │ │
Pres Perf AUX Verb+ING
I haven't been sleeping well recenttly
│ │ │
Pres Perf AUX Verb+ING
- Present perfect continous: significado
Usamos el present perfect continuous para:
1- Hablar de hechos pasados los cuales están todavia vigentes en el presente,
pero con una acción o situación que todavia está ocurriendo
Ej: What have you been doing lately? / I've been working a lot /How long have you been living here?
2- Para enfatizar la duración del tiempo de la acción.
Cubre un periodo de tiempo hasta el momento actual.
Ej: I've been waiting here all morning / I've been feeling ill for weeks
3- Para enfatizar que la acción es temporal
Ej: I've been staying in a hotel for the past month
4- Para describir acciones repetidas una y otra vez
Ej: I've been phoning her for days, but she's never at home
5- Cuando acabamos de terminar una acción o esa acción toda continua realizandose
Ej: I've been working hard all morning. Now I'm going to have a rest (acción terminada)
I've been reading a good book lately (acción terminada)
- Present perfect continous + time expressions
Las expresiones de tiempo que utilizamos con el present perfect continous a menudo son:
all day, all morning, for days, for ages, lately, recently, since, for
- Present perfect o present perfect continous?
Con los verbos LIVE, WORK se puede utilizar igualmente los dos tiempos
Ej: I've worked / been working here for two years - I've lived/been living here for two years
El presente perfect hace referencia al resultado y el present perfect continous a la accion misma
Ej; I've written that report for Jackie. It didn't take long (resultado terminado)
I've been writting that report for Jackie and I still haven't finished (acción )
Si damos detalles de cuanto ó cuantos NUNCA present perfect continous
Ej: I've written four emails / I've done a lot of cooking and cleaning this afternoon
- Present simple o Present perfect?
El present simple describe hábitos o situaciones en el presente,
pero el present perfect describe un tiempo pasado hasta el momento actual
Ej: I live in Prague (una situación permante, yo siempre vivo alli)
I've lived in Prague for two years (Llegué a Praga hace dos años y todavia vivo allí)
- Past simple o Present perfect?
El past simple hace referencia a un evento en un periodo de tiempo ya terminado.
Present perfect se utiliza para un periodo de tiempo pasado y continua hasta el momento actual
Ej: I lived in Prague in the nineties (ahora yo vivo en algun otro lado)
I 've lived in Prague since the ninerties ( Yo todavia vivo alli)
La elección del tiempo utilizad depende si enfocamos la atención al pasado o al presente
Ej: I had an umbrella, I left it on the bus (hace referencia a un hecho distante en mi mente)
Oh no! I've left my on umbella on the bus (el hecho está presente en mi mente)
- Have been y have gone
Se utiliza have been para un lugar, si hemos ido a un sitio y tenemos que volver de alli ahora
have gonna para un lugar, si hemos ido a un sitio pero no volvemos de ese lugar
Ej: Melissa has been to China (y ella tiene que regresar)
Melissa has gonna to China (y ella todavia está allí)
- ANNOTATIONS
Present Perfect ---- He estado / Past simple ---- Estuve
Stative Verbs to BE, HAVE, KNOW, LIKE, WANT ---- Present perfect simple
Action Verbs to WRITE, RUN, DO, MAKE, LISTEN -- Present perfect continous
Cuando el significado del verbo HAVE es diferente de poseer se convierte en ACTION VERB
y por lo tanto se utilizaria con present perfect continous
* CORRECTION HOMEWORK
- FOTOCOPIAS Pag. 19. 2B GRAMMAR present perfet + for/ since - Present perfect continous
a) 1- H's been cooking/ 2- She's been playing the violin since she got up this morning/
3- Melanie hasn't been feeling well since last week. She has flu/
4- You've been looking at her for hours. Go and talk to her!/
5- Your face looks like a tomato! What have you been doing?/
6- Tim's been reading the instructions for hours
b) 1- How long has he been waiting to speak to someone? He's been waiting for half an hour/
2- How long have you been working here? I've been working here for three months now/
3- How long have you been going out with Rob? We've been going out since we left school/
4- How long has Penny been single? I think she's been single since she broke up with Paul/
5- How long have you had your driving licence? I've had it for ten years/
6- How long has Pete been trying to find a job? He's been trying to find a job since he left
the university last year, but no luck!/
7- How long has your sister wanted to be a doctor? She's wanted to be a doctor since she was
seven years old/
8- How long have you know Terry? I've known him for years. He's an old friend of the family
* STUDENT'S BOOK. Pag. 21. 6 VOCABULARY & PRONUNCIATION
a) 1- Yes, he was furious/ 2- Is Oliver's flat small?/ 3- Are you affraid of flying?/
4- Was the food nice?/ 5- Are youvery hungry?/ 6- Is your parents' house big?/
7- Was it cold in Moscow?/ 8- Was Jack's kitchen dirty?/
9- Are your parents happy about the wedding?/ 10- Was the film funny?/
11- Are you sure you locked the door?/ 12- Were you surprised to hear that Ted is getting married?
b) angry - furious / small - tiny / affraid - terrified / niece - delicious / hungry - starving /
big - enormous / cold - freezing / dirty - filthy / happy - delighted / funny - hilarious /
sure - positive / surprised - amazed
d) 1- I went to Canary Islands and the water in pool's hotel was absolutely freezing/
2- Yes, when the ciclyst have been running in the sidewalk it make I furious/
3- Yes, I hate snakes I'm terrrified by them/
4- I eaten Brittish' cake, it was delicious/ Yes, there are a comedy called Here isn't possible to live
it's absolutely hilarious
* STUDENT'S BOOK. Pag. 114. Writting an informal email
a) 1- She apologizes for not writting before/
2- She thanks them for her stay and says how much she enjoyed it/
3- She talks about the nice things that happened when she was with them/
4- She talks about what she's been doing recently/ 5- She promises to send some photos/
6- She thanks them again and invites them to stay
b) 1- I've been busy/ 2- English/ 3- don't/ 4- trip/ 5- being/ 6- to buy/ 7- messages/ 7- I'll send /
- ANNOTATIONS
Lenguaje conveniente para hacer emails informales:
Comienzo
Hi+ name (o Dear+ name si tu quieres ser un poco más formal)
Sorry for not writting ealier, but...
Thanks you/ Thanks (so much) for (your letter, having me to stay, etc)
It was feat to hear from you
Final
That's all for now
Hope to hear from you soon/ Lookinf forwart to hearing from you soon
(Give my) regards / love to
Best wishes / Love (from)
PS ( cuando tu quieres añadir un corto mensaje al final del email. I've attached a photo
* HOMEWORK
- Grammar Book. Pag. 29 - 31
- Thursday Writting an informal email as Pag. 114. STUDENT'S BOOK
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